Hussein Mehidine "A multimodal two-photon fluorescence endomicroscope and its associated tissue database to discriminate brain tumors intraoperatively" (Pôle Santé)

jeudi 29 oct. 2020, 14:00 → 16:00 Europe/Paris

200/Rdc-Auditorium - Auditorium P. Lehmann (IJCLab)

Abstract

Nowadays, brain cancer remains as one of the most deadly cancers that prevails in humans. Surgical resection of
the tumor volume is still the main and the standard therapeutic method to treat brain cancer. The main goal of such
surgery is to remove as much as possible from the tumor mass with protecting the adjacent healthy eloquent areas
that could hold important brain functions such as vision, memory or body movement.
Therefore, the main challenge encountered by a neurosurgeon is to identify as accurate as possible the tumor
margins as well the tumor cells that infiltrate outside the tumor solid mass and to separate it from the adjacent
healthy areas. However, these margins and infiltrated areas have often a similar visual appearance with the adjacent
healthy zones, which makes the neurosurgeon unable to delineate them correctly and thus results in subtotal
removal. Consequently, leaving active tumor cells in the resection cavity leads in many cases to poor surgical
outcomes and highly increase the recurrence rate of the tumor and its mortality after the operation.
To obtain an accurate diagnosis information about these margins and to confirm the success of the surgery, biopsy
samples are extracted for histological analysis. This post-surgery analysis involves Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E)
staining and takes several days after the operation to provide the results and to establish the final diagnosis.
Consequently, and if results show that tumor cells were not well extracted, a second operation is needed.
To respond this issue, our team is developing a new imaging tool that consists of a multimodal two-photon
fluorescence endomicroscope. This tool will analyze the endogenous fluorescence of brain tissues in order to
provide a reliable information intraoperatively on the tissues nature at a cellular level. In the instrumental
development of such tool, many challenges could be encountered to transfer our tool to the operating room and to
miniaturize the imaging probe in order to be compatible for clinical use. Otherwise, and in parallel with the
instrumental development, we are building a tissue database that involves the different optical fluorescence
properties of all brain tumors types. This database aims to characterize each brain tissue type, whether healthy or
cancerous, with a specific optical signature. This database when coupled with the endomicroscope will permits it
to establish a real-time, fast and accurate diagnosis response on an examined tissue, leading therefore to improve
the surgery quality and to prevent the tumor recurrence.