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Cesium–potassium–antimonide (CsK₂Sb) photocathodes are attractive candidates for high-brightness electron sources due to their visible-light response and high quantum efficiency (QE). However, their performance strongly depends on substrate properties and deposition conditions, often resulting in limited reproducibility. This talk introduces the fundamental growth physics and photoemission characteristics of CsK₂Sb photocathodes, with emphasis on substrate crystallographic orientation, semiconductor doping type, and stoichiometry control. We also present a graphene-based approach that enables substrate reuse and improves operational reproducibility. These results provide practical guidelines for achieving stable andhigh-performance CsK₂Sb photocathodes for accelerator applications.